1. Working principle of Roots blower and Roots blower

羅茨風機為定容積式風機，輸送的風量與轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)成比例，三葉型葉輪每轉(zhuǎn)動一次由2個葉輪進行3次吸、排氣，與二葉型相比，氣體脈動變少，負荷變化小，機械強度高，噪聲低，振動也小。在2根平相行的軸上設有2個三葉型葉輪，輪與橢圓形機箱內(nèi)孔面及各葉輪三者之間始終保持微小的間隙，由于葉輪互為反方向勻速旋轉(zhuǎn)，使箱體和葉輪所包圍著的一定量的氣體由吸入的一側(cè)輸送到排出的一側(cè)。各支葉輪始終由同步齒輪保持正確的相位，不會出現(xiàn)互相碰觸現(xiàn)象，因而可以高速化，不需要內(nèi)部潤滑，而且結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，運轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，性能穩(wěn)定，適應多種用途，已運用于廣泛的領(lǐng)域。

Roots blower is a constant volume fan, and the air volume transported is proportional to the number of revolutions. Each time the three blade impeller rotates, two impellers perform three suction and exhaust. Compared with the two blade impeller, the gas pulsation is less, the load change is less, the mechanical strength is high, the noise is low, and the vibration is small. Two three blade impellers are set on two parallel shafts, and a small gap is always kept between the wheel and the inner hole surface of the oval case and between the impellers. Because the impellers rotate uniformly in opposite directions, a certain amount of gas surrounded by the case and the impeller is transmitted from the suction side to the discharge side. Each impeller is always kept in the correct phase by synchronous gear, without touching each other, so it can be high-speed, does not require internal lubrication, and has simple structure, stable operation, stable performance, and is suitable for a variety of purposes. It has been used in a wide range of fields.

2、離心式鼓風機的工作原理(同離心泵)

2. Working principle of centrifugal blower (same as centrifugal pump)

當電機轉(zhuǎn)動帶動風機葉輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時，葉輪中葉片之間的氣體也跟著旋轉(zhuǎn)，并在離心力的作用下甩出這些氣體，氣體流速加大，使氣體在流動中把動能轉(zhuǎn)換為靜壓能，然后隨著流體的增壓，使靜壓能又轉(zhuǎn)換為速度能，通過排氣口排出氣體，而在葉輪中間形成了一定的負壓，由于入口呈負壓，使外界氣體在大氣壓的作用下立即補入，在葉輪連續(xù)旋轉(zhuǎn)作用下不斷排出和補入氣體，從而達到連續(xù)鼓風的目的。同等功率下，風壓和風量一般呈反比。同等功率下，風壓高，風量就會相對低，而風量大，風壓就會低些，這樣才能充分利用電機的功效率。

When the motor rotates to drive the fan impeller to rotate, the gas between the blades in the impeller also rotates, and the gas is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force. The gas flow rate increases, so that the gas can convert kinetic energy into static pressure energy in the flow. Then, with the pressure increase of the fluid, the static pressure energy is converted into speed energy, and the gas is discharged through the exhaust port. A certain negative pressure is formed in the middle of the impeller. Because the inlet is negative pressure, Make the external gas replenish immediately under the action of atmospheric pressure, and continuously discharge and replenish the gas under the action of continuous rotation of the impeller, so as to achieve the purpose of continuous blowing. Under the same power, the air pressure and air volume are generally inversely proportional. Under the same power, if the air pressure is high, the air volume will be relatively low, and if the air volume is large, the air pressure will be lower, so as to make full use of the efficiency of the motor.

3、回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風機結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理

3. Structure and working principle of rotary blower

鼓風機壓力范圍：0.1-0.5kgf/cm2回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風機結(jié)構(gòu)精巧，主要由下列六部分組成：電機、空氣過渡器、鼓風機本體、空氣室、底座(兼油箱)、滴油嘴。鼓風機靠汽缸內(nèi)偏置的轉(zhuǎn)子偏心運轉(zhuǎn)，并使轉(zhuǎn)子槽中的4支葉片之間的容積變化將空氣吸入、壓縮、吐出。在運轉(zhuǎn)中利用鼓風機的壓力差自動將潤滑送到滴油嘴，滴入汽缸內(nèi)以減少摩擦及噪聲，同時可保持汽缸內(nèi)氣體不回流。

Pressure range of blower: 0.1-0.5kgf/cm2 rotary blower has a delicate structure and is mainly composed of the following six parts: motor, air transition device, blower body, air chamber, base (also used as oil tank) and oil drip nozzle. The blower operates eccentrically by the rotor offset in the cylinder, and changes the volume between the four blades in the rotor slot to suck in, compress and discharge air. During operation, the pressure difference of the blower is used to automatically send the lubrication to the oil drip nozzle and drip it into the cylinder to reduce friction and noise, while keeping the gas in the cylinder from backflow.

4、離心式鼓風機結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理

4. Structure and working principle of centrifugal blower

旋轉(zhuǎn)葉片的擠壓推進力使流體獲得能量，升高其壓能和動能，其結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示。葉輪1安裝在圓筒形(風機為圓錐形)泵殼3內(nèi)，當葉輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時，流體軸向流人，在葉片葉道內(nèi)獲得能量后，沿軸向流出。

The extrusion propulsion force of the rotating blade enables the fluid to obtain energy and increase its pressure energy and kinetic energy. Its structure is shown in the figure. The impeller 1 is installed in the cylindrical (conical fan) pump housing 3. When the impeller rotates, the fluid flows axially. After obtaining energy in the blade passage, the fluid flows axially.

離心鼓風機、羅茨鼓風機、回轉(zhuǎn)式風機的特性的區(qū)別

Differences in characteristics of centrifugal blower, roots blower and rotary fan

1)如果負載需要的是恒流量效果的情況時就用羅茨鼓風機。因為羅茨鼓風機屬于恒流量風機，工作的主參數(shù)是風量，輸出的壓力隨管道和負載的變化而變化，風量變化很小。這也是羅茨鼓風機越來越受用戶青睞的原因之一。羅茨風機是一種高壓風機，羅茨鼓風機為容積式風機，輸送的風量與轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)成比例，把氣體由吸入的一側(cè)輸送到排出的一側(cè)。

1) If the load requires constant flow effect, roots blower is used. Because Roots blower is a constant flow fan, the main working parameter is air volume, and the output pressure changes with the change of the pipe and load, and the air volume changes little. This is also one of the reasons why Roots blower is increasingly favored by users. Roots blower is a high pressure fan. Roots blower is a volumetric fan. The air volume transported is proportional to the number of revolutions, and the gas is transported from the suction side to the discharge side.

如果負載需要的是恒壓效果的情況時就用離心風機。因為離心風機屬于恒壓風機，工作的主參數(shù)是風壓，輸出的風量隨管道和負載的變化而變化，風壓變化不大。離心式風機，風壓力不大?？諝獾膲嚎s過程通常是經(jīng)過幾個工作葉輪(或稱幾級)在離心力的作用下進行的。離心風機屬于平方轉(zhuǎn)矩特性，而羅茨風機基于恒轉(zhuǎn)矩特性。

If the load requires constant pressure effect, centrifugal fan shall be used. Because the centrifugal fan is a constant pressure fan, the main working parameter is the air pressure. The output air volume changes with the change of the pipe and load, and the air pressure changes little. Centrifugal fan, with low air pressure. The air compression process is usually carried out under the action of centrifugal force through several working impellers (or stages). Centrifugal fan belongs to square torque characteristic, while Roots fan basically belongs to constant torque characteristic.

2)羅茨鼓風機一般來說風量比較大，壓力也比較大，同樣羅茨風機噪音也很大。

2) Roots blower generally has large air volume and pressure, as well as loud noise.

如果需要風量比較小，對噪音要求比較高，就選用回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風機，回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風機同樣屬于恒流量風機，工作的主參數(shù)是風量，輸出的壓力隨管道和負載的變化而變化，風量變化很小，回轉(zhuǎn)式風機是變?nèi)輭嚎s，其主要特點是：低轉(zhuǎn)速，低噪音，低振動，效率高，高。

If the air volume is relatively small and the requirements for noise are relatively high, the rotary blower is selected. The rotary blower is also a constant flow fan. The main working parameter is the air volume. The output pressure changes with the change of the pipe and the load. The air volume changes very little. The rotary blower is a variable volume compression. Its main characteristics are: low speed, low noise, low vibration, high efficiency, and high energy conservation.

軸流風機(葉片式)的主要特點也是恒風壓運行，當壓力變化或管道內(nèi)有阻擋物時，便會自動調(diào)整送風量來保證風壓的恒定。軸流式泵與風機適用于大流量、低壓力，電廠中常用作循環(huán)水泵及送引風機。我國離心式鼓風機使用經(jīng)驗不多，特別是大型離心式鼓風機還有待完善，選用時應與生產(chǎn)廠密切配合。

Axial flow fan (blade type) is also characterized by constant air pressure operation. When the pressure changes or there is a barrier in the pipe, the air supply volume will be automatically adjusted to ensure the constant air pressure. Axial flow pumps and fans are suitable for large flow and low pressure. They are commonly used as circulating water pumps and forced draft fans in power plants. There is not much experience in the use of centrifugal blowers in China, especially the large centrifugal blowers still need to be improved. The selection should be closely coordinated with the manufacturer.

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