羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)振動的原因及解決方法
Cause and Solution of Roots Blower Vibration
羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)在使用過程中，由于各種原因，振動加劇，后來損壞，嚴(yán)重時(shí)會造成重大設(shè)備事故。以下是羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)振動的一些故障原因。
During the use of Roots blower, due to various reasons, the vibration is intensified, and then it is damaged, which may cause major equipment accidents in serious cases. The following are some fault causes of Roots blower vibration.
(1)設(shè)計(jì)原因:羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)一般是根據(jù)鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的使用環(huán)境、溫度、風(fēng)量、風(fēng)壓、介質(zhì)等進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的，但有些企業(yè)沒有完全根據(jù)這些因素進(jìn)行選擇，導(dǎo)致鼓風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)不當(dāng)、動態(tài)特性差、運(yùn)行時(shí)振動的結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、應(yīng)力集中的設(shè)計(jì)作業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)速接近或落入臨界轉(zhuǎn)速區(qū)的熱膨脹量計(jì)算不正確，熱狀態(tài)不良。
(1) Design reason: Roots blower is generally designed according to the use environment, temperature, air volume, air pressure, medium, etc. of the blower. However, some enterprises have not selected the blower completely according to these factors, resulting in improper design of the blower, poor dynamic characteristics, unreasonable structure of vibration during operation, close design operation speed of stress concentration or incorrect calculation of thermal expansion amount falling into the critical speed zone, and poor thermal state.
(2)安裝和維護(hù)原因:羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的安裝精度對鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行起著關(guān)重要的作用。如果安裝精度達(dá)不到安裝要求，會破壞羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行。在鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的設(shè)置過程中，機(jī)械設(shè)置不當(dāng)，零件錯(cuò)位，預(yù)負(fù)荷大的軸系對中不良的機(jī)械配合間隙、過剩量和相對位置調(diào)整不當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)子長期放置不當(dāng)，動平衡精度發(fā)生變化，沒有按照規(guī)定進(jìn)行檢查，破壞了機(jī)械本來的配合性質(zhì)和精度。
(2) Reason for installation and maintenance: The installation accuracy of Roots blower plays a vital role in the operation of the blower. If the installation accuracy fails to meet the installation requirements, the operation of roots blower will be damaged. During the setting of the blower, the mechanical setting was improper, the parts were misaligned, the poor mechanical fit clearance of the shafting with large preload, the excessive amount and the rotor with improper adjustment of the relative position were improperly placed for a long time, the dynamic balance accuracy changed, and the inspection was not carried out according to the provisions, which damaged the original matching nature and accuracy of the machinery.
(3)操作運(yùn)行原因：在羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)使用過程中，對風(fēng)機(jī)維護(hù)、保養(yǎng)的好壞，對羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行質(zhì)量起著決定性作用。如：工藝參數(shù)偏離設(shè)計(jì)值，機(jī)器運(yùn)行工況不正常；機(jī)器在超轉(zhuǎn)速、超負(fù)荷下運(yùn)行，改變了機(jī)器的工作特性；潤滑或者冷卻不良；轉(zhuǎn)子局部損壞或結(jié)垢；啟停機(jī)或升降速過程操作不當(dāng)，熱膨脹不均勻或在臨界區(qū)停留時(shí)間過久。
(3) Operation reason: During the use of Roots blower, the quality of fan maintenance plays a decisive role in the operation quality of Roots blower. For example, the process parameters deviate from the design values, and the operating conditions of the machine are abnormal; The operation of the machine at over speed and over load changes the working characteristics of the machine; Poor lubrication or cooling; Rotor is locally damaged or scaling; Improper operation during startup and shutdown or speed increase and decrease, uneven thermal expansion or excessive time in critical area.

(4)機(jī)器劣化原因：一般設(shè)備在使用時(shí)都有一定的年限，達(dá)到一定年限設(shè)備性能將惡化。對羅茨風(fēng)扇也是如此，長時(shí)間運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)子撓度增加或動平衡劣化，轉(zhuǎn)子局部損壞、脫落或產(chǎn)生裂紋，零件磨損、點(diǎn)蝕或腐蝕等，配合面受力劣化，產(chǎn)生過盈、過松等，破壞配合性能和精度，機(jī)架基礎(chǔ)沉降不均，機(jī)殼變形。
(4) Reasons for machine deterioration: General equipment has a certain number of years in use, and the performance of equipment will deteriorate after reaching a certain number of years. The same is true for Roots fans. During long-term operation, the rotor deflection increases or the dynamic balance deteriorates, the rotor is partially damaged, peeled off or cracked, parts are worn, pitted or corroded, the force on the mating surface deteriorates, resulting in interference, looseness, etc., which destroys the mating performance and accuracy, the frame foundation settlement is uneven, and the casing is deformed.
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